Anaemia is caused by the body’s inability to make enough hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen to red blood cells and tissues throughout the body. When this happens, a person feels tired and exhausted, depressed and irritable. Other symptoms include fatigue, dizziness, fainting, apathy, irritability, decreasing concentration and an unbearable feeling of cold. Almost 20 percent of women are at risk of anemia.

Ferritin is a widely available ferritin with a nano-sized iron hydrate core and a cage-shaped protein shell. Ferritin is a protein that contains 20% iron. Generally, it is found in almost all body tissues, especially liver cells and reticuloendothelial cells, as a store of iron. Trace levels of serum ferritin reflect normal iron reserves. Detection of serum ferritin is an important basis for the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia.

Transferrin (also known as Siderophilin, TRF, siderophilin) is the main iron-containing protein in plasma, responsible for transporting iron absorbed by digestive tubes and released by the degradation of red blood cells.In the form of trF-Fe3 + complex into the bone marrow for the generation of mature red blood cells.

Haptoglobin, also known as binding globin, is a kind of α2 globulin synthesized by the liver, accounting for about 1% of the total protein in plasma, which can combine with hemoglobin in plasma to form a certain complex. When hemolysis occurs, the free hemoglobin in plasma increases, and the globin bound to it increases, while the plasma globin decreases, which is a very sensitive index of intravascular hemolysis.